27.7.2022
An eye defect is often characterized by poor vision at a certain distance – near, far distance or by astigmatism. A large part of the population, and more and more often also children, suffers from an eye defect. Most often, eye defects are compensated for with glasses or contact lenses. From 18 to 45, patients can also undergo laser eye surgery or, at a later age, an exchange of intraocular lenses can safely and painlessly get rid of diopters.
Nearsightedness or myopia
The so-called long eye causes myopia. The light rays converge in front of the retina, which worsens distance vision. Patients try to compensate for it by frowning. On the contrary, they see close objects well.
Farsightedness or hypermetropia
The rays of light converge behind the retina, creating a blurry image. The patient cannot see well at a close distance. At higher values, farsightedness can even manifest itself in poorer distance vision.
Astigmatism or cylindrical defect
Astigmatism often occurs as a combined defect with nearsightedness or farsightedness. However, a cylindrical defect can also occur independently. It is a consequence of the cornea’s irregular curvature or of the lens’s shape. Therefore, light rays do not converge into a single focus, as with healthy vision without a dioptric defect. Astigmatism is characterized by blurred or blurry vision regardless of distance.
Amblyopia
This eye defect, caused by insufficient visual development, can only be treated in childhood. Later, treatment and surgery do not eliminate the problem, and the defect becomes a lifelong problem. That is why the cooperation and persistence of not only the child but especially the parents and experts are essential.
